Chiefly business papers (1883-1899) relating to land development, especially mineral resources and timber, in Virginia and West Virginia, including correspondence, surveys, and reports of the Gauley Coal Land Association and the Trans-Flat Top Land Association; family and personal correspondence relating to Civil War battles and Hotchkiss' teaching career at Mossy Creek Academy and Loch Willow School, Augusta County; and papers relating to the settlement of his estate. Also includes the papers (1862-1878) of Hotchkiss' son-in-law, Samuel Thomas McCullough.