An edition of The laws of thought, or formal logic
(1892)
The laws of thought, or formal logic
A Brief, Comprehensive Treatise On The Laws And Methods Of Correct Thinking
by William Poland
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Publish Date
1921
Publisher
Loyola University Press
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The laws of thought, or formal logic: A Brief, Comprehensive Treatise On The Laws And Methods Of Correct Thinking
1921, Loyola University Press
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Book Details
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Table of Contents
CONTENTS
CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTORY.
Article I. Logic.
1. Logic. 2. Formal and Material Logic. 3. Natural Logic. 4. Artificial Logic. 5. Logic as a Science. 6. As an Art 9
Article II. Three Acts of the Mind.
7. Three Acts. 8. Knowledge Representative. 9. Simple Apprehension, Idea. 10. Judgment. 11. Reasoning, Argument. 12. Oral Expression. 13. Term. 14. Proposition. 15. Syllogism 11
CHAPTER II. IDEAS — TERMS.
Article I. Ways of Classifying Our Ideas.
17. Abstract, Concrete. 18. Clear, Distinct, Complete, Comprehensive. 19. Singular, Particular, Collective, Universal 15
Article II. Classification of Universal Ideas.
20. Form. 21. Reflex Universal. 22. Species. 23. Important Observation. 24. Genus. 25. Difference. 26. Property. 27. Accident. 28. Heads of Predicables 17
Article III. Subordination of Genera.
29. The Same Form Generic and Specific. 30. Diagram. 31. Highest Genus, Lowest Species, Subaltern Genera 22
Article IV. Classification and Use of Terms.
32. Real and Logical Terms. 33. Univocal, Equivocal, Analogous Terms. 34. Univocal. 35. Equivocal. 36. Analogous. 37. Supposition or Use; Material, Logical, Real 23
CHAPTER III. JUDGMENTS AND PROPOSITIONS.
Article I. Definitions. Structure of Propositions.
38. Judgment. 39. Proposition. 40. Subject, Copula, Predicate. 41. Logical and Grammatical Predicate 27
Article II. Simple and Compound Propositions.
42. Simple. 43. Compound. 44. Various Constructions. 45. Categorical. 46. Conditional. 47. Conjunctive. 48. Disjunctive. 49. Remark 28
Article III. Immediate and Mediate Judgments.
50. All Judgments. 51. Immediate. 52. Mediate. 53. The Process 31
Article IV. Connection Between Subject and Predicate.
54. All Judgments. 55. A Priori. 56. A Posteriori. 57. No Synthetic a Priori 32
Article V. Extension and Comiprehension.
58. An Axiom. 59. Extension. 60. Comprehension. 61. Illustration 34
Article VI. Extension of Propositions. Quantity and Quality.
62. Extension. 63. The Subject. 64. Note. 65. The Predicate. 66. Universal Affirmative. 67. One Exception. 68. Universal Negative. 69. Particular Affirmative. 70. Particular Negative. 71. Two Laws. 72. Affirmative and Negative. 73. Negative Particle. 74. Quantity and Quality 36
Article VII. Related Propositions.
75. Three Relationships. 76. Conversion. 77. Equivalence. 78. Opposition. 79. Diagram 41
CHAPTER IV. REASONING — ARGUMENT.
Article I. The Syllogism.
80. Reasoning and Argument. 81. Styles of Argument. 82. The Syllogism. 83. Antecedent, Consequent, Premisses. 84. Consequence. 85. Axioms. 86. Analysis of Argument. 87. Middle and Extremes 45
Article II. Figures and Moods of the Syllogism.
88. Major, Minor, Middle. 89. First Figure. 90. Second Figure. 91. Third Figure. 92. Moods of the Syllogism 48
Article III. Laws of the Syllogism.
93. Scope of the Laws. 94. First Law: Three Terms. 95. Second Law: Extension of Extremes. 96, Third Law: Extension of Middle Term. 97. Fourth Law: Place of Middle Term. 98. Fifth Law: Affirmative Conclusion. 99. Sixth Law: Negative Conclusion. 100. Seventh Law : No Conclusion. 101. Eighth Law : No Conclusion. 102. Ninth Law: Particular Conclusion. 103. Caution 54
Article IV. Some Species of Syllogism.
104. Simple and Compound Syllogisms. 105. Conditional Syllogisms. 106. Conjunctive Syllogisms. 107. Disjunctive Syllogisms 61
Article V. Other Styles of Argument.
108. Argument Abbreviated. 109. Enthymeme. 110. Sorites. 111. Polysyllogism. 112. Epichirem. 113. Dilemma 64
CHAPTER V. TRUTH OF THE PREMISSES.
Article I. Formal and Material Logic.
114. The Form. 115. The Matter. 116. Value of the Conclusion 68
Article II. The Demonstration.
117. Two Kinds. 118. Direct. 119. Indirect. 120. Simple, Compound. 121. A Priori. 122. A Posteriori 70
Article III. Induction.
123. Deduction and Induction. 124. Complete Induction. 125. Incomplete Induction. 126. Example. 127. Analogy. 128. Caution 72
Article IV. Fallacies.
129. Fallacy. 130. Fetitio Principii. 131. Evading the Question. 132. Of the Accident. 133. A Dicto Simpliciter. 134. Of the Consequent. 135. Of the Cause. 136. Of the Question. 137. Of Reference. 138. Of Objections 77 Article I. Scientific Method. 139. Scientific Method. 140. Analysis and Synthesis. 82
Article II. Parts.
141. Parts: real and logical. 142. Real Parts: accidental, integral, essential. 143. Real Essential Parts: physical and metaphysical. 144. Physical Parts. 145. Metaphysical Parts. 146. Logical Parts 83
Article III. An Illustration.
147. Analysis. 148. Synthesis. 149. The Negative. 87
Article IV. Analytic Table.
150. Table. 151. Meaning of Table 90
Article V. Definition.
152. Kinds of Definition. 153. Essential Definition. 154. Some Rules for Definition 92
Article VI. Division.
155. Logical Division. 156. The Simple Rule 95
Article VII. Science.
157. Science. 158. Object of a Science. 159. Material and Formal Object. 160. Logical Character of a Science 97
Outline of Sciences 102
Explanation of Outline 103
Points for Practice 104
Index 107
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